between a vehicle in motion and one stationary, or another fixed obstacle.
When collisions occur between two vehicles in motion, according to their directions of travel, the collisions can be:
head-on (when the directions of travel are opposite);
side;
rear-end (the directions of travel are in the same direction).
Head-on collisions
Risk factors in head-on collisions:
speed of travel;
position while driving;
driving on the opposite direction.
Preventive conduct measures in head-on collisions:
to reduce the speed of travel and to avoid a possible collision with a motor vehicle that has not correctly assessed the speed of travel of the one moving from the opposite direction and has engaged in overtaking;
leaving the carriageway, to the right side to avoid possible collisions;
to increase attention and to anticipate situations that could become dangerous.
Side collisions
Risk factors in side collisions:
failure to ensure before engaging in the left turn;
failure to respect priority rules;
failure to ensure when moving from one lane to another.
Preventive conduct measures in side collisions:
to increase attention when driving through intersections whether they are controlled or not to avoid possible incorrect actions of traffic participants;
keeping a sufficient lateral distance from the other traffic participants.
Rear-end collisions
Risk factors in rear-end collisions:
failure to keep the distance in motion from the vehicle traveling in front;
inattention and failure to anticipate situations that could become dangerous;
incorrect assessment of the stopping distance.
Preventive conduct measures in rear-end collisions:
to adapt the speed of travel to weather, visibility, traffic and road conditions;
to keep a sufficient distance and to correctly assess the stopping distance especially when the carriageway is covered with ice sheet, slush, ice;
increasing and focusing attention on the vehicle in front to observe in time any signalling and to take the appropriate measures.
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