The auxiliary installations of the engine have the role of ensuring the operation of the engine, these are: the fuel system, the lubrication system, the cooling system, the ignition system, the distribution mechanism, the starting system.
Ensures the opening and closing of the intake and exhaust valves at the right moments. The role of this mechanism is to ensure both the filling of the cylinders and the evacuation of the burnt gases.
The distribution mechanism is composed of:
- the camshaft: is part of the propulsion system, with the role of transmitting and transforming the rotary motion into translational motion to the intake and exhaust valves. It is driven by the crankshaft of the engine through timing belts, gears or chain.
- tappets: are short metal parts that are mounted in an internal combustion engine to prevent the wear of the distribution valve. The metal rod transmits the movement from the camshaft to the valve actuation mechanisms. The tappets are used in engines that do not have an overhead camshaft, to open and close the valves.
- valves: are components mounted in the cylinder head, at the intake and exhaust ports, and have the role of allowing or stopping the entry of the air-fuel mixture into the cylinder, respectively the evacuation of the burnt gases, synchronized with the operating cycle of the engine.
- valve springs: the valve spring is a helical spring that presses the valve over the cam. The profile of the cam rotating at 360 degrees, thus the valve is pushed and rises, and the valve spring stretches and contracts. When the engine reaches 8000 rpm (revolutions per minute), the valve spring stretches and contracts 4000 times per minute.
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